Feedback and Evaluation
Anderson, B. and M. A. Malacrea. Giving Constructive Feedback. East
Lansing, MI: OMERAD, 19??
- Workshop materials including a videocassette, overhead transparencies,
handout masters, and an administrator's manual. Participants are introduced
to principles of constructive feedback, how to prepare for feedback and
how to give feedback to trainees in a variety of situations.
McGuire Christine H. Evaluation of student and practitioners competence.
In McGuire, Christine H., Robert P. Foley, Alan Gorr, and Ronald W. Richards.
Editors. Handbook of Health Professions Education. San Francisco: Jossey
Bass, 1983.:256-293.
- Dr. McGuire reviews 20 years of research on the evaluation of professional
competence and addresses (1) the purpose of evaluation; (2) techniques
of determining essential components of competence; (3) the range of competencies
assessed; (4) the methods of evaluation employed; (5) the approaches to
scoring and reporting performance, and (6) the criteria used in setting
standards. Studies include research on traditional tests, simulation exercises,
written simulations, and patient management problems.
Morgan, Margaret K and David Irby. Editors. Evaluating Clinical Competence
in the Health Professions. Saint Louis, MO: The C. V. Mosby Company, 1978.
- The authors, who represent a range of health professionals, deal with
a variety of issues. Section 1 offers general directions for beginning
the evaluation process. Section 2 examines several assessment techniques.
Section 3 explores implementation considerations, and Section 4 discusses
clinical evaluation models in the health professions.
National Board of Medical Examiners: Item Writing Guide 
The NBME item writing guide is available in downloadable (Adobe Acrobat
file) form from their Web Site.
Neufeld, Victor R and Geoffrey R. Norman. Editors. Assessing Clinical
Competence. New York: Springer Publishing, 1985. 366 pages
- In this collection of essays, members of the Health Sciences faculty
at McMaster University, explores key issues involved in measuring clinical
competence. Part 1 examines historical perspectives on clinical competence
and defines competence. The evaluation methods addressed in Part 2 include
direct observation, oral examinations, written exams, medical record review,
patient management problems, computer simulations, and simulated patients.
In Part 3, the authors explore the ways these measures can be used. Part
4 examines future directions in education, research, certification, and
health care.
Reznich, C. and Meyer, D. Evaluating Residents and Medical Students.
East Lansing, MI: OMERAD, 19??
- Workshop materials include a case study, overhead transparencies, handout
masters, and an administrator's manual. Focus is on the principles of making
informed professional judgments about a learner's performance and competence,
outcomes that guide evaluations, the strengths and weaknesses of common
evaluation methods, and ways to improve evaluation systems.
The Assessment of Student Performance. In Cox, Kenneth R. and Christine
E. Ewan. Editors. The Medical Teacher. New York: Churchill-Livingstone (pp.
195-247), 1988.
- Section 5 of this book includes 12 short chapters on topics in the
assessment of student performance, using such strategies as essay questions,
multiple choice questions, patient management problems, and oral exams.
Westberg, Jane and Hilliard Jason. Providing Constructive Feedback.
Chicago: CLEARVUE/eav, 1991. (800-253-2788) 72 pages
- Topics include reasons for providing feedback during learning, issues
and considerations, preparing learners for feedback, giving feedback to
learners, helping learners give feedback to each other, helping patients
give feedback to learners. Includes self-checklists.
Whitman, Neal A. and Thomas W. Cocayne. Evaluating Medical School
Courses: A User-Centered Handbook. Salt Lake City, UT: University of Utah
School of Medicine, 1988. 35 pages
- Topics include planning course evaluations, user-centered evaluation,
and meta evaluation. Evaluation forms are included.
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