Problem Based Learning
Problem Based Learning
Barrows, Howard S. and Robin M. Tamblyn. Problem-based Learning: An Approach
to Medical Education. New York: Springer, 1980.
- Topics in this BOOK include the rationale for problem-based learning
(PBL); the clinical reasoning process; the design of PBL units; presenting
the patient problem; and facilitating and evaluating PBL.
Barrows, Howard S. How to Design a Problem-based Curriculum for the
Preclinical Years. New York: Springer, 1985.
- Topics in this BOOK include objectives, simulations of the patient's
problem, problem selection and preparation, real patients, resources, the
problem-based learning process, student assessment, required faculty skills,
and faculty concerns.
Barrows, Howard S. Practice-based Learning: Problem-based Learning
Applied to Medical Education. Springfield, Illinois: Southern Illinois University
School of Medicine, 1994. 145 pages
- In this BOOK, the author addresses such topics as the physician's clinical
reasoning process, self-directed learning, the educational objectives addressed
by practice-based learning, the "authenticity" of problem-based
learning, and applying practice-based learning to the clerkship years.
Barrows, Howard S. The Tutorial Process. Springfield Illinois: Southern
Illinois University School of Medicine, 1988. 70 pages
- Topics in this BOOK include functioning at the metacognitive level,
the architecture of small group process, principles of tutorial teaching,
the first session of a new group, and major stages in small group tutorial
process
Feletti, Grahame and David Boud. Editors. The Challenge of Problem-based
Learning, 2nd Edition. Sterling, VA: Stylus Publishing, Inc., 1997. 
- In this BOOK, authors from many disciplines define PBL, exam issues
and steps to consider when introducing PBL into the curriculum, discuss
how to design and implement PBL, and explore how to assess the program
and student learning.
- The second edition of this book contains chapters written by health
care and other professionals who have used problem-based learning to construct
and teach courses using problems as the stimulus and focus for student
activities. A number of case studies from both the medical and other health
professions institutions are provided by contributors that have direct
experience of the approach. The medical topics covered here range in scope
from how Harvard Medical School used problem-based learning to improve
its curriculum, to how to use the program in an integrated nursing curriculum.
- The book has several new chapters; for example, On Inquiry and Action
Learning and on the Impact of PBL on future medical practice, plus substantial
updates to many of the other chapters.
- The book treats PBL both sympathetically and critically, examining
the significance and future of problem-based learning, how it can be used
in health professions and its strength and limitations.
Dolmans, Diana, Ed. How Students Learn in a Problem-based curriculum.
Maastricht, Netherlands: Universitaire Pers Maastrict, 1994.
- This BOOK is built around 5 articles (all authored by H.G. Schmidt
and some coauthored by W.H. Gijselaers and S.B. van der Meer) that have
been published or submitted for publication in journals in medicial education.
The authors exploreswhat happens to learners in PBL.Dolmans describes the
educational context in which the studies described in the articles were
conducted and analyzes the findings.
Kaufman, Arthur. Editor. Implementing Problem-based Medical Education.
Lessons from Successful Innovations. New York: Springer Publishing, 1985.
- The authors of this BOOK discuss the innovative Primary Care Curriculum
at the University of New Mexico School of Medicine and the lessons learned
from this effort. Topics include the curriculum, tutorial groups, the role
of the library, extended community preceptorships, evaluating student performance,
program evaluation, and institutionalizing innovation.
Schmidt, Henk G. and L. DeVolder. Tutorials in Problem-Based Learning.
Van Gorcum, Maastricht, 1984.
Southern Illinois
University School of Medicine PBL Program 
This WEB SITE presents a bibliography and descriptions of the PBL program
at SIUSOM, where the faculty has developed a full PBL medical school curriculum.
The problems they use are actual patient problems that have been seen by
practicing physicians.
Waterman, Robert, Stewart L. Duban, Stewart P. Mennin and Arthur Kaufman.
Clinical Problem-Based Learning: A Workbook for Integrating Basic and Clinical
Science. Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico Press, 1988.
- This WORKBOOK for students is an example of a type of resource that
teachers can use with learners. The authors suggest that this workbook
can be used as a "starter packet" for educators interested in
sampling problem-based learning in their own environments. Cases representing
an array of common patient complaints are presented in stages, much as
patients and their problems do in real life. Student readers are invited
to look for clues, analyze and synthesize the available data, develop and
test hypotheses, and apply deductive reasoning to the identified problems.
Readers are encouraged to not merely focus on getting the "correct
answer" or to learn specific treatment protocols. Rather they are
invited to formulate ideas based on past experience, explain the rational
behind their thoughts in terms of basic scientific mechanisms, and define
what they need to learn next.
Woods, Donald R. Problem-based learning: How to Gain the Most from
PBL. Distributed by The Book Store, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario,
Canada, 1994.
Woods, Donald R. Problem-based learning: Helping Your Students Gain the
Most from PBL. Distributed by The Book Store, McMaster University, Hamilton,
Ontario, Canada, 1995.
- This BOOK is a companion to David Woods' book for students: Problem-Based
Learning: How to Gain the Most From PBL. Distributed by The Book Store,
McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, 1994. The author is in
the department of chemical engineering at McMaster.
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